These routines specified here are winscard routines like those in the winscard API provided under Windows. These are compatible with the Microsoft API calls. This list of calls is mainly an abstraction of readers. It gives a common API for communication to most readers in a homogeneous fashion.
Since all functions can produce a wide array of errors, please refer to § Error codes for a list of error returns.
For a human readable representation of an error the function pcsc_stringify_error() is declared in pcsclite.h. This function is not available on Microsoft winscard API and is pcsc-lite specific.